Signs

Symptoms

    • ­Hypertension ­
    • Increased BMI (weight/height2) ­
    • Increased neck circumference ­
    • Narrowed pharyngeal area ­
    • Right heart strain ­
    • Tongue / jaw anomalies
    • ­Excessive daytime somnolence ­
    • Fatigue ­
    • Mental status changes ­
    • Morning headache ­
    • Nocturnal awakening ­
    • Non-restorative sleep ­
    • Reduced libido / impotence ­
    • Snoring ­
    • Witnessed apnea

Complications and Prognosis With Obstructive Sleep Apnea comes an increase in mortality risk. It has also been linked with diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, daytime sleepiness, reduced or altered cognitive function and motor vehicular accidents.

Relationship between Sleep Apnea and Traffic Accidents*

AHI

Cases

% Patients

Control

% Patients

Adjusted OR

≥5

28.4 (n=29)

4.6 (n=7)

11.1

≥10

20.6 (n=21)

3.9 (n=6)

7.2

≥15

16.7 (n=17)

3.3 (n=5)

8.1

 *Adapted from NEJM 1999; 340:847-851